Melioidosis in a returned traveller

Melioidosis is an infection endemic to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The present report describes a case of chronic melioidosis in a returning traveller from the Philippines. Clinical suspicion of this illness is warranted in individuals with a history of travel to endemic regions. Safety in handling clinical specimens is paramount because laboratory transmission has been described.     

热带病防控人员全球卫生知识现状及培训需求调查

以中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所2016年8月至2017年4月举办的3次热带病预防控制主题会议(培训班)的参会人员为调查对象,采用自填式问卷调查的方法收集信息,使用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计分析。共发放问卷256份,获得有效问卷241份。从未听说过全球卫生概念者占14.5%(35/241),虽听说过但不太了解者占82.6%(199/241),熟悉者仅2.9%(7/241)。调查对象对流行病学与卫生统计学知识的熟悉程度显著高于全球卫生(P<0.01)。全球卫生基本概念的正确理解占比为42.7%(103/241),≤35岁组的正确理解占比为53.8%(56/104),>35岁组为34.3%(47/137),二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。97.1%(233/240)的调查对象表示有意愿参加全球卫生培训,培训内容需求排名前3的分别为疾病防控策略和技术,实验检测、诊断和研发技术,卫生管理知识;能力提升需求排名前3的分别为全球卫生视野、疾病防控经验和调查分析能力。培训方式以现场教学为主,采用教师学员互动教学模式,多聘用国外卫生系统师资。我国热带病防控人员对全球卫生知识的了解程度不容乐观,需要加强全球卫生培训和能力建设。     

Maternal and child health workforce profile and density in China since 1949: a systematic review

Background

Routine sources of information on the maternal and child health workforce in China are without clear definition and categorisation. The aim of the study was to systematically review all the evidence on China's maternal and child health workforce profile (ie, level of education, training, qualification, and professional title), and determine the density of the maternal and child health workforce.

传播热带病的媒介昆虫

随着国际交往的的日益频繁,来我国的外国人群中,以及我国赴热带地域国家归国的人群中罹患热带病者日益增多,而广大医务人员对热带病诊治还不熟悉,对引起这些疾病的媒介昆虫就更加陌生。现以疾病为序,对传播疟疾、淋巴丝虫病、登革热、黄热病、立夫特山谷热、西尼罗热的媒介蚊;传播盘尾丝虫病的蚋,传播罗阿丝虫病的斑虻,传播利什曼病的白蛉,传播非洲锥虫病的舌蝇、美洲锥虫病的锥蝽进行简述。     

Challenges and prospects in the public health research system in the occupied Palestinian territory: a qualitative study

Background

A public health research system is the bedrock of health systems to improve population health, system responsiveness, and equity. An international concern, referred to as the 10/90 gap, is that less than 10% of global funds are devoted to diseases or conditions that account for 90% of the global disease burden, particularly in developing countries. Palestinian health research is progressing, but it is not sufficiently investigated, with a remarkable knowledge gap on its conceptualisation, stewardship, stakeholders, and capacity and resources. The aim of this study was to understand the Palestinian public health research system by investigating challenges related to the system components that need to be strengthened.

Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine emergency basic relief and medical aid mission project (November 2013–February 2014): the role of physiatrists in Super Typhoon Haiyan

Background: Physiatrists have provided humanitarian assistance in recent large-scale global natural disasters. Super Typhoon Haiyan, the deadliest and most costly typhoon in modern Philippine history, made landfall on 8 November 2013 resulting in significant humanitarian needs.

Methods: Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine physiatrists conducted a project of 23 emergency basic relief and medical aid missions in response to Super Typhoon Haiyan from November 2013 to February 2014. The final mission was a medical aid mission to the inland rural community of Burauen, Leyte. Summary data were collected, collated, and tabulated; project and mission evaluation was performed.

Results: During the humanitarian assistance project, 31,254 basic relief kits containing a variety of food and non-food items were distributed and medical services including consultation, treatment, and medicines were provided to 7255 patients. Of the 344 conditions evaluated in the medical aid mission to Burauen, Leyte 85 (59%) were physical and rehabilitation medicine conditions comprised of musculoskeletal (62 [73%]), neurological (17 [20%]), and dermatological (6 [7%]) diagnoses. Post-mission and project analysis resulted in recommendations and programmatic changes to strengthen response in future disasters. Physiatrists functioned as medical providers, mission team leaders, community advocates, and in other roles.

Conclusions: This physiatrist-led humanitarian assistance project met critical basic relief and medical aid needs of persons impacted by Super Typhoon Haiyan, demonstrating significant roles performed by physiatrists in response to a large-scale natural disaster. Resulting disaster programing changes and recommendations may inform a more effective response by PARM mission teams in the Philippines as well as by other South-Eastern Asia teams comprising rehabilitation professionals to large-scale, regional natural disasters.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Large-scale natural disasters including tropical cyclones can have a catastrophic impact on the affected population.

• In response to Super Typhoon Haiyan, physiatrists representing the Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine conducted a project of 23 emergency basic relief and medical aid missions from November 2013 to February 2014.

• Project analysis indicates that medical mission teams responding in similar settings may expect to evaluate a significant number of physical medicine and rehabilitation conditions.

• Medical rehabilitation with participation by rehabilitation professionals including rehabilitation doctors is essential to the emergency medical response in large-scale natural disasters.

     

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine

正Aims Scope Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine(APJTM),aims to set up and provide an academic communicating platform for international physicians,medical scientists,allied health scientists and public     

Genetic aspects of tropical calcific pancreatitis

Tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP) is a subtype of chronic pancreatitis which is unique to tropical regions. Patients present at young age with recurrent abdominal pain, nutritional deficiencies, and insulin-requiring diabetes. For a long time, the aetiology of this disorder was poorly understood. Several environmental factors, such as malnutrition or the consumption of toxic food components such as cyanogenic glycosides, were proposed as pathogenic factors. In the last decade, a major impact on the understanding of the aetiology of TCP has come from genetic studies on hereditary and idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. Genetic alterations in at least five genetic loci are clearly associated with chronic pancreatitis in the Western world. These include alterations in genes coding for trypsinogens, the most abundant digestive enzymes (PRSS1 and PRSS2), the trypsin inhibitor (SPINK1) and the trypsin-degrading enzyme, chymotrypsinogen C (CTRC). In addition, alterations in the cystic fibrosis (CFTR) gene are associated with idiopathic pancreatitis. TCP clinically resembles non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis of Western countries, suggesting that similar genetic defects might also be of importance in this disease entity. Indeed, alterations in at least two genes, SPINK1 and CTRC, are strongly associated with TCP. The current review focuses on the recent developments in the understanding of the genetic basis of inherited pancreatitis, with special emphasis on TCP.     

烧伤患者医院感染病原菌分布及耐药变迁分析

目的了解烧伤病房感染病原菌分布及耐药变迁特点。方法回顾海南省人民医院2002-2009年住院烧伤感染患者病原菌的分布,并对比前、后4年病原菌构成比及耐药情况。结果检出634株病原菌,其中革兰阴性（G-）杆菌389株（61.4%）,主要为铜绿假单胞菌196株（30.9%）、鲍曼不动杆菌89株（14.0%）和大肠埃希菌56株（8.8%）;革兰阳性（G＋）球菌220株（34.7%）,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌109株（17.2%）和表皮葡萄球菌79株（12.5%）;真菌25株（3.9%）。前、后4年里,铜绿假单胞菌及金黄色葡萄球菌的构成比有下降趋势（P〈0.05）,而条件致病菌如鲍曼不动杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌的构成比呈明显上升趋势（P〈0.01）;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对第三代头孢菌素、喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药率有上升趋势（P〈0.05）。109株金黄色葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）52株（47.8%）,对万古霉素100%敏感。结论近8年来烧伤病房患者感染病原菌以G-杆菌为主,条件致病菌的检出率呈上升趋势;常见病原菌对第三代头孢菌素的耐药率呈上升趋势,对此应予以重视。